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Accueil du site > Animations Scientifiques > Séminaires 2014 > Romain Koszul - Insights into the diversity of microorganisms chromosome organization
Romain Koszul - Insights into the diversity of microorganisms chromosome organization
Speaker : Romain Koszul, Spatial Regulation of Genomes, Department of Genomes and Genetics, Institut Pasteur / CNRS UMR3525
When : Wednesday 19th March at 11 am
Where : Salle CO23 (grande salle de réunions du CBP rez-de-chaussée LR6)
Title : Insights into the diversity of microorganisms chromosome organization
Capture of chromosome conformation experiments reveal the average three-dimensional organization of chromosomes in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Although mammals have been extensively studied in this regards over recent years, less is known regarding the diversity of microorganisms chromosome organization. In this presentation the genomic organization of a variety of microorganisms will be presented and discussed. In addition, several "alternative" applications of the technique will be presented. For instance, chromosomes in the nuclear space exhibit unique three dimensional signatures that can be efficiently used to solve their sequences. Using as an indicator of spatial proximity the contact frequencies between all genome segments, we provide the theoretical background and the experimental demonstration of the validity of this approach by solving the structure of mutant and uncompleted genomes. Upon initialization with a set of contigs, the algorithm will reorganize, split, or duplicate DNA regions, as well as provide an estimation of the size of the gaps lying in-between. This technique, based on Bayesian inference, allows us to estimate the posterior probability of an assembly by estimating its likelihood given the data and prior knowledge coming from polymer physics. We show this approach can be conveniently used to decipher structural rearrangements, among other applications that will be introduced.
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