Objectives
Our general aim is to identify key principles of organism development by constructing mathematical and computational models based on explicit representations of forms. For this, we develop a dual modeling approach where conceptual models are used to identify self-organizing principles and realistic models based on 3D imaging to test non-trivial genetic and physical hypotheses in silico. The team tightly collaborates with several teams of biologists with whom it shares biological questions and develops new methods.
While our approach mainly focuses on plant development at different scales, the MOSAIC team also considers the morphogenesis of model animal systems, such as ascidians, to cross-fertilize the approaches and to open the possibility to identify abstractions and principles that are relevant to the morphogenesis of living forms in general. Our work concentrates on how physical and chemical processes interact within the medium defined by the form and feedback on its development. We seek in particular to integrate both mechanistic and stochastic components in our models to account for biological variability in shape development.
On the technical level, the team develops and explores the use of computational and mathematical concepts within a large variety of domains : form algebra, ODE/PDE, dynamical systems, fractals, stochastic processes, continuum mechanics, FEM, information theory, graph theory, computational geometry, and unconventional programming languages.
Our research program is organized along three main research axes.
Axis 1 : Representation of biological forms in silico
The modeling of organism development requires a formalization of the concept of form, i.e. a mathematical definition of what is a form and how it can change over time. This goes together with the development of efficient algorithms to construct corresponding computational representations from observations, manipulate them, and associate local molecular and physical information with them.
Sub-axes :
- Mathematical/computational models of forms
- Data acquisition pipelines
- Digital atlases of development
- Declarative languages for simulating morphogenesis
Axis 2 : Data-driven models of form development
Models of key processes participating in different aspects of morphogenesis (signaling, transport, molecular regulation, cell division, etc.) are developed and tested in silico on 3D data structures reconstructed from digitized forms. The way these component-based models scale up at more abstract levels, where forms can be considered as continuums, is investigated, and the simulation results are compared with actual form development.
Sub-axes :
- Physiological and patterning models
- Biophysical models of development
- Multi-scale models and homogenization
Axis 3 : Plasticity and robustness of forms
Building on the insights gained from axes 1 and 2 on the mechanisms driving form development, we aim to explore the mechanistic origin of form plasticity and robustness. In this context, we study the ability of specific developmental mechanisms to buffer, or even to exploit biological noise during morphogenesis. For plants, we develop models capturing morphogenetic reactions to specific environmental changes (such as water stress), and their ability to modulate or even to reallocate growth opportunistically.
Sub-axes :
- Form stability versus form variability
- Development models reactive to the environment
Software
The team develops software and a computational platform for analysis and simulation of morphogenesis in 3D. More information.
Main collaborators
– Teva Vernoux (RDP)
– Benoit Landrein (RDP)
– Marie-Cécile Caillaud (RDP)
– Emmanuel Faure (LIRMM - Univ. Montpellier)
– Patrick Lemaire (CRBM - Univ. Montpellier)
– Grégoire Malandain (Morpheme - Inria Sophia Antipolis)
– Arezki Boudaoud (LadHyx - Ecole Polytechnique)
– Ibrahim Cheddadi (Université Grenoble Alpes)
– Frederic Boudon (CIRAD)
– Dražen Zanchi (Laboratoire MSC Paris)