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The Lid/KDM5 histone demethylase complex activates a critical effector of the oocyte-to-zygote transition.

Daniela Torres-Campana, Shuhei Kimura, Guillermo A Orsi, Beatrice Horard, Gerard Benoit, and Benjamin Loppin (2020)

PLoS Genet, 16(3):e1008543.

Following fertilization of a mature oocyte, the formation of a diploid zygote involves a series of coordinated cellular events that ends with the first embryonic mitosis. In animals, this complex developmental transition is almost entirely controlled by maternal gene products. How such a crucial transcriptional program is established during oogenesis remains poorly understood. Here, we haveperformed an shRNA-based genetic screen in Drosophila to identify genes requiredto form a diploid zygote. We found that the Lid/KDM5 histone demethylase and itspartner, the Sin3A-HDAC1 deacetylase complex, are necessary for sperm nuclear decompaction and karyogamy. Surprisingly, transcriptomic analyses revealed that these histone modifiers are required for the massive transcriptional activation of deadhead (dhd), which encodes a maternal thioredoxin involved in sperm chromatin remodeling. Unexpectedly, while lid knock-down tends to slightly favorthe accumulation of its target, H3K4me3, on the genome, this mark was lost at the dhd locus. We propose that Lid/KDM5 and Sin3A cooperate to establish a local chromatin environment facilitating the unusually high expression of dhd, a key effector of the oocyte-to-zygote transition.

 
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